Miljöeffekter av alternativa system för behandling av hushållsavfall i Santiago, Chile : en jämförelse mellan deponering och förbränning med energiutvinning

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This report was written by Lisa Bengtson and Hanna Paradis and describes the degree thesis "Environmental impacts of solid waste treatment in the Metropolitan Region, Santiago, Chile – a comparison between current system and incineration with energy recovery". The purpose of this thesis was to investigate if incineration with energy recovery could be motivated through an environmental perspective as an alternative to landfilling of solid waste in Santiago, Chile. The study was performed with Life Cycle Analysis as a theoretical base. In Santiago, situated in the thirteenth region of Chile, Región Metropolitana, lives 6,5 million inhabitants. The major part of the solid waste produced in the region is landfilled on three different sanitary controlled landfills situated outside the city center. In order to present different solutions to the present treatment, incentives have been taken to start a cooperation project between Chile and Sweden in which this report is a part. After a short introduction to the project in Sweden the main part of the study was performed in Santiago. The inventory part of the study aimed to map the current system of solid waste management in Santiago and to find a suitable place to establish a pilot plant for waste incineration. A facility in the municipality of Quilicura was chosen and an incineration plant was dimensioned based on the energy need of the industry. In the study the environmental impacts of the industries´ current energy system plus the waste handling system was compared to the environmental performance of an alternative system with a waste incineration plant. The results of this study show that the environmental impacts of the alternative system are lower for all the studied impact categories. The study also shows that, according to a rough economic analysis, the alternate system is profitable compared to energy production with fossil fuels. The quality of data in some areas is uncertain. In the categories of Acidification, Eutrophication and Air quality – dust, where the difference of the environmental performance between the systems are small, th...