Egypt

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Background Information
Egypt is one of the four great ancient civilizations that were once ruled by powerful pharaohs (I like to call them false guds). The Western civilizations had many advances in the arts, science and technology because of this powerful civilization. However, for the last two thousand years this country has served many foreign masters that include Greeks, Romans, Arabs and the British. It was in 1922, they were considerable as a independent land and the British rule ended after World War II.


Geography
You will find Egypt in Northern Africa, along the Mediterranean Sae and between Libya and the Gaza Strip. Egypt is almost made of only dessert lands, which makes the climate hot and dry in the summers and with moderated winters. The terrain is a vast dessert plateau interrupted by the Nile valley and delta. Egypt can face many natural hazards some of them are: frequent earthquakes, flash floods, volcanic activity and sand storms.


People/Population
Egypt’s population is around 80,000,000 people (80,335,036 people in 2007). 36% of them are between the ages of 0-14 years, 61% are in between the ages of 15-64 years and only 3% are 65 years old and over. In 1999 they established the growth rate as 1, 82%. You will find many different ethnic backgrounds in Egypt, some of them are the Eastern Hamitic stock (Egyptians, Bedouins and Berbers), which make up 99% of the population, Greek’s and other European groups (mainly Italian and French) e.g. People over 15 years can often read and write, and the literacy rate is 51,4%.


Government
Cairo is Egypt’s capital, their type of government is republic and their president is Mohammed Hosni Mubarak. The administrative divisions include 26 governorates. It was on February 28, 1992, that Egypt gained independence from the United Kingdom and on September 11, 1971 the constitution was written. Anniversary of the Revolution is their national holiday, is held on July 23 and was established in 1952.



Economy
It was in 1980s Egypt started having problems of low productivity and economic management. Egypt’s natural resources are petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, limestone, talc and zinc to just name a few. About 10% in this country are unemployed. Agriculture products include cotton, rice, corn, wheat beans, fruits, vegetables, cattle, water buffalos, sheep, goats and fish. Exports include crude oil, petroleum products, cotton yard, raw cotton, textiles, metal products and chemi...