Black Americans

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Contents
1. Slaves and the black Americans developing of equal rights.
2. The Civil war.
3. Rosa Parks
4. Martin Luther King, Jr
5. NAACP
6. Literature

Slaves and the black Americans developing of equal rights.
A slave is a person who is owned completely by another person and is bought and sold in the same way as any other piece of property. The slaves had no rights of their own and were obliged to carry out whatever work was given them to do however hard or cruel it was. In the beginning they’ve only had Indians as slaves but when it was harder work they thought that maybe it would be better to take in African slaves instead, cause they’ve heard rumours about them being better workers.

The reason of slavery in the Southern was that they’ve started big plantations of tobacco and cotton in the17thcentury. They found out that if they get slaves, they could help them to cultivate the plantations. Which means a free hand and less work for them.

1776 there was a Declaration of independence that was made by the Americans together, the declaration stood for equality for all. It was on that point many started to do protests against slavery.

During the civil war the Northern had one thought in mind and that was Emancipation proclamation, which means that they wanted to free all the slaves. I found a number of four million slaves that the North saved during the civil war, with much help from the Underground Railroad. It was a railroad that helped many slaves to get to the North without getting hurt or even die.

I remember one thing I read one day said from a slave, “Well, I don’t know how and I don’t know
when, but I do know that one day we all going to be free to go wherever we want to”.
But during that time they were far away from being treated equal.
During the years 1893-1901 white people tried to find so many ways as possible to kill a black man. They could hit upon anything just to lynch the black ones and make them burn on a stake.
Around that time did also a organisation named Ku Klux Klan start, they were groups wearing special clothes riding around from village to village, just to burn down the blacks houses and pigtail them, sometimes to death.

Still today there is one state in America that aloes the organisation Ku Klux Klan, you can go in to a website and buy all the equipment you could need for a night.
But it goes forward for the black Americans and the year 1926 you could find the first union for black Americans, called “The brother hood of sleeping car union” this helped black people to work more by their own for their civil rights. During the depression year 1930 the white people also gave the black Americans a helping hand by putting them to work even tough there were very few works. The rest of the story about the black Americans developing in equal rights can you read about under Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr.

The Civil War
The civil war on the 19th century started when there arise big conflicts between the farmer states in the Southern and the civil in North.
The Southern states were strike by an aristocratic lifestyle while the one on the North side had more civil values.

In the North many saw slavery as something bad and many people that were political active worked to get an end of it, but in the South many thought that black people were inferior the white people and that the slavery were something positive and necessary and you can say that there is were the conflict begun.

The Southern states was economic depending by the cultivation of tobacco and cotton demanded free trade while the industrial states in north wanted to still have the custom supervisor cause it were better for them.
The Northern states also during that time raise big ideological voices against slavery, the north has decided what they felt about the slavery question and that’s for shore.
The question about the slavery was the biggest reason it became a civil war in America.
But there were political reasons to cause every time there were building a new state in the union there were a conflict about let them have slavery or not, they always decided with help of popular vote.

In the year if 1850 they decided a compromise in a congress that would solve the slavery question on a satisfied way for both the North and Southern states. It went out on that the slavery was aloud to continue, but slavery trade was forbidden in the Washington DC and every slave that escaped to the North had to go back to his or her owners. Many people in North were against this compromise.

1857 the court also decided that no black man could be a citizen in the United States of America. This decision made many in the North raging and soon it would appear that this conflict couldn’t be solved juridically.

So the year 1854 the Republican Party (from the North) demanded that they should protect the custom supervision and abolish the slavery.
1860 the Republicans candidate for president was Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln was one of the finest fighters against slavery.

But following the Lincoln’s election, eleven Southern states retired and built Americas
Confederate States with Thomas Jefferson for president. Abraham Lincoln was firmly resolved to vindicate the unification of all states, and the American Civil War begun.
After the war was slavery forbidden in all United States of America but still today there is old values about that black should be inferior the white. Especially in the South, but there was nothing they could do because the states were once again united into one union.
During the war over 620,000 people died. The Northern states lost around 360,000 and the southern something like 260,000 soldiers, more then half in different diseases and beyond that a loads of civil people.

The big lost caused sadness and bitterness years after the war and both the Northern and Southern states were having economic problems because of the war.
It was not just all the big costs that the war had and not only the equipment for the soldiers that gave them economic problems, this war destroyed so many houses, industries and factories than you ever have seen, mostly in the Southern states. Maybe that’s a reason why they call the civil war in America the first modern war?

Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks even called the African Mother of Civil Rights Movement was a women tired of the mistreatment cause it was just not right. So on December the first, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Parks got arrested for disregarding an order of letting a white man sit on her bus seat. Her protest was a big historic turning point for the African American civil rights. Before the protest Rosa Parks was were serving as a secretary at NAACP and later as an adviser at NAACP youth council.

After her protest a big bus boycott started, for 381 days. They went after getting a flier from JoAnn Robinson (the one who started it after Rosa Parks) with the taxi, carpooling and walked the hostile street of Montgomery just to protest against the bad treatment of African Americans at the buses. It took hard on the Montgomery bus service cause without customers, no money. So after those 381they changed their laws and gave the black Americans permission to sit wherever they wanted to in the bus. They had won the fight!

Said of Rosa Parks "I didn´t want to pay my fare and then go around the back door, because many times, even if you did that, you might not get on the bus at all. They´d probably shut the door, drive off, and leave you standing there."

Martin Luther King, Jr.
The most influential leader in modern civil rights, Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in Atlanta, Georgia. His father was a Baptist minister, providing a strong religious tradition for King. He got a very good education and went to public school Morehouse College, Crozer Theological Seminary (were he was the top of his class) and Boston University. There he met and married Coretta Scott in 1953. By then an ordained minister, King took the pastorate of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama, and quickly became involved in the civil rights movement. He soon found himself in the forefront of a boycott of Montgomery´s segregated buses, which led to a Supreme Court decision in 1956 against Alabama´s segregation laws.
Following this triumph King was made president of the newly formed Southern Christian Leadership Conference, committing his life to non-violent activism and bringing the civil rights movement to the forefront of American public life. Between 1960 and 1965, King continued to lead numerous demonstrations and protests on behalf of civil rights, leading the 1963 March on Washington where he delivered his most quoted speech, "I have a dream. . . .” In 1964 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Martin Luther King, Jr. was shot and killed on April 3, 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee; he was there to support striking sanitation workers. His death devastated the nation.

”I have a dream... I have a dream that one day little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers
I have a dream today"

NAACP
This is from NAACP: s homepage, just for information about what it is. For more than ninety-three years, the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People) has been built on the individual and collective courage of thousands of people. People of all races, nationalities and religious denominations, who were uni...