Cloning

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uppladdat: 2003-05-11
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I decided to write a little about cloning as I find it very interesting and would like to know how it really works. The word clone means young sprout and it probably makes most people think about the creating of two genetically identical creatures. Actually you can go further than that; you can decide what parts of the creature you’d like to clone surprisingly down to cell and even gene-level. This makes a scientist able to stimulate a cell to further dichotomy and from that get a cloned cell-line. You can also clone an individual gene by placing it in a bacteria, when the bacteria reproduces the gene does the same. You now have a clone, a multiply number of copies of the gene. With other words, a clone is a great quantity of identical cells or organisms from an origin source which can be dichotomies after interest. A good example of a natural, biological clone is a pair of identical twins. They’re a clone that consists of two individual creatures with same origin from the same one egg. When it comes to pet-researches, scientists have developed a technique to split the embryo very early, right before the insemination. For example you can split the embryo of a bull in two pieces, take out one and freeze one while you let the other one stay. By this you can see how the individual survives and the breeding-values can be set. If the value is good, you can implant the embryo in an”empty egg” (no genetically information) and let the surrogate mother (a cow) give birth to an identical bull. Of course you can do the same with the original cow (the”real” mother).

Here’s a short guide to how one sort of cloning is performed:
1. Take a cell with nucleus from a creature (human or animal you’d like to clone) and put it in a test-tube filled with a nutritional solution. Produce a cell colony for 5 days.
2. Give the cells 5% of the amount of nutrient they actually need. This makes them to enter a rest-mode.
3. Take an (unfertilized) egg-cell from a woman or female animal and remove the DNA from the nucleus.
4. Put a resting cell next to the egg-cell and give them both a tiny electrical chock to make them melt together.
5. Wait and see if the new cell has begun to split. When it’s become 8 or 16 parts, it’s all put in the womb of the surrogate mother.
6. Wait 9 months (if it’s a human) and if the child doesn’t turn out to be a freak, be happy!

The probably most frequent kind of cloning is the gene therapeutic, where a nucleus with DNA is taken from a human. This can then be moved to an animal. By this, a function from one creature can be transported into another creature that doesn’t have that function by nature. This is of great help for the medical industry, for many years they’ve taken body-parts from pigs and transported them to humans. The reason to why just pigs were used is that their DNA is pretty similar to ours (90%) and the size of the parts is about the same size as an adult human. Thanks to this, you can take DNA from a sick human, move it into a fertilized”pig-egg” and then hopefully there’ll be a group of piglets with the human’s DNA on chosen organs. If some of the piglets reach an age of being adult, a”perfect” organ has been created. Now the chances for the sick human to survive are much bigger thanks to that the organs have his DNA. It’s very hard to make this within a s...

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Inactive member [2003-05-11]   Cloning
Mimers Brunn [Online]. https://mimersbrunn.se/article?id=2060 [2024-03-29]

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